[ENG VER] Here're a Comparison of ESP32 and ESP8266 Microcontrollers (ESP32 vs ESP8266)

The ESP32 integrates the HT40's 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi transceiver which allows it to not only connect to a WiFi network to interact with the Internet but also to create its own network to which other devices can connect directly. WiFi Direct is also supported by ESP32, which is a suitable alternative for peer-to-peer connections that don't require an access point. It's easier to set up WiFi Direct and has a much faster data transmission speed than Bluetooth. This chip also supports Bluetooth 4.0 (BLE/Bluetooth Smart) and Bluetooth Classic (BT), making it even more versatile.

Nodemcu ESP32 is a series of low-cost, low-power microcontrollers with built-in ESP32 Wi-Fi and dual-mode Bluetooth. ESP32 is designed for low power Internet of Things applications. Its high processing power, combined with built-in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Deep Sleep Operating features, 520 KB SRAM, 448 KB ROM, and 4MB Flash memory (for software and data storage) make it suitable for most portable IoT devices.

The ESP-32 board has 48 general purpose input/output pins of which only 25 are available as pin headers on either side of the ESP-32 board. These pins can be assigned for all kinds of peripheral tasks.

• POWER PINS : The VIN pin and the 3.3V pin are the two power pins. If you have a controlled 5V power source, you can utilize the VIN pin to directly supply the ESP32 and its peripherals. An on-board voltage regulator's output is connected to the 3.3V pin. Power can be supplied to external components via this pin.
• ARDUINO PINS : the hardware I2C and SPI pins of the ESP32 that you may use to connect all kinds of sensors and peripherals to your project.
• GPIO PINS : The ESP32 development board features 25 GPIO pins that can be programmatically assigned to various functions. Each digitally-enabled GPIO can be set to high impedance or internal pull-up or pull-down. It can also be set to edge-trigger or level-trigger to generate CPU interruptions when configured as an input
• GROUND : Ground pin of the ESP32 development board.
• ADC CHANNELS : The board has 12-bit SAR ADCs and 15 channels of measurement (analog enabled pins). Some of these pins can be utilized to build a programmable gain amplifier for measuring small analog signals. The ESP32 is also capable of measuring voltages while it is in sleep mode. 
• DAC CHANNELS : Two 8-bit DAC channels on the circuit transform digital signals into true analog voltages. This dual DAC can drive other circuits. TouchPads The board offers 9 capacitive sensing GPIOs which detect capacitive variations introduced by the GPIO’s direct contact or close proximity with a finger or other objects.
• UART PINS : The ESP32 development board contains two UART interfaces, UART0 and UART2, which provide asynchronous communication (RS232 and RS485) and IrDA at up to 5 Mbps. UART provides hardware management of the CTS and RTS signals and software flow control (XON and XOFF) as well.
• SPI PINS : SPI Pins ESP32 features three SPIs (SPI, HSPI, and VSPI) in slave and master modes. All SPIs can also be used to connect to the external Flash/SRAM and LCD.
• ~ PWM PINS : The board has 25 channels (Nearly All GPIO pins) of PWM pins controlled by the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller. The PWM output can be used for driving digital motors and LEDs. The controller consists of PWM timers and the PWM operator. Each timer provides timing in synchronous or independent form, and each PWM operator generates the waveform for one PWM channel.

The board has an LDO voltage Regulator to keep the voltage stable at 3.3V, while the operating voltage range of the Arduino ESP32 is 2.2V to 3.6V. While the ESP32 draws up to 250mA during RF transmission, it can supply up to 600mA, which should be more than enough. The regulator output is also split off to one side of the board and labeled as 3V3. Power can be supplied to external components via these pins. The onboard USB MicroB port provides power to the ESP32 development board. You can use the VIN pin to power the ESP32 and its peripherals directly via an external 5V power supply.

For communication, the ESP32 requires a 3.3V power supply and a 3.3V logic level. The GPIO pins have no 5V tolerance.

The ESP-12E module on the development board contains the ESP8266 chip with a Tensilica Xtensa 32-bit LX106 RISC microprocessor that supports RTOS and operates at a customizable clock frequency of 80 to 160 MHz. The ESP8266 is an inexpensive and easy-to-use device for connecting your IoT projects to the internet. Nodemcu ESP8266 includes a Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n HT40 transceiver, which allows it to connect to WiFi networks and interact with the Internet, this module can function as an access point (create a hotspot) and a station (connect to Wi-Fi), it can only takes data and posts it to the internet, making the Internet of Things (IoT) as simple as possible. This extends the capabilities of the NodeMCU ESP8266.

The module has sufficiently strong on-board processing and storage capabilities that allow it to be integrated with sensors and other application-specific devices via its GPIO with minimal up-front development and minimal loading during runtime. 128 KB of RAM and 4MB of Flash memory (for apps and data storage), which is more than enough to handle the huge strings that make up web pages, JSON/XML data, and everything else we throw at IoT devices today.

The NodeMCU ESP8266 module is available in two variants where one is built in with a USB to UART CP2102 bridge and the other with a USB to UART CH340 bridge.

The board has an LDO voltage regulator to keep the voltage steady at 3.3V, while the operational voltage range of the ESP8266 is 3V to 3.6V. While the ESP8266 generates up to 80mA during RF transmission, it can supply up to 600mA, which should be more than enough. The regulator output is also split off to one side of the board and labeled as 3V3. Power can be supplied to external components via these pins. The onboard USB MicroB connector provides power to the NodeMCU's ESP8266. You can use the VIN pin to power the ESP8266 and its peripherals directly if providing power via a 5V source.

For communication, the ESP8266 requires a 3.3V power supply and a 3.3V logic level. The GPIO pins have no 5V tolerance.

An important difference with the ESP32 is its Bluetooth capability which allows the ESP32 not only to be limited to Wi-Fi communication, but also allows it to be integrated into more projects. It supports classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy. Meanwhile, ESP8266 does not support Bluetooth.

The ESP8266 has a built-in processor, but because multitasking is involved in updating the Wi-Fi stack, most applications use a separate microcontroller for interacting with sensors, digital I/O, and data processing. When using the ESP32, you may not need to use an additional microcontroller as the ESP32 has Dual 32-bit Microprocessors and will run on breakout boards and modules from 160 MHz to 240MHz. This provides sufficient speed for any application that requires a microcontroller with connectivity.

ESP32 is the successor of the ESP8266 module. The ESP32 has faster Wi-Fi and CPU cores, more GPIOs, and supports Bluetooth 4.2 with lower power consumption.

In terms of price, the ESP32 is marketed around Rp. 100,000 - 650,000 while the ESP8266 is sold at Rp. 30,000 - 300,000.